Python基础语法¶

环境说明¶

# 运行Python脚本
python script.py

基本语法¶

1. 变量与数据类型¶

# 变量定义
name = "Alice"
age = 25
is_student = True

# 基本数据类型
# str, int, float, bool, list, dict, tuple, set

2. 条件判断¶

if age >= 18:
    print("成年")
elif age >= 6:
    print("青少年")
else:
    print("儿童")

3. 循环¶

# for循环
for i in range(5):
    print(i)

# while循环
count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

4. 函数¶

def greet(name, greeting="Hello"):
    """问候函数"""
    return f"{greeting}, {name}!"

# 调用
message = greet("Alice")
print(message)

5. 装饰器¶

def my_decorator(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        print("Before")
        result = func(*args, **kwargs)
        print("After")
        return result
    return wrapper

@my_decorator
def say_hello():
    print("Hello!")

常用模块¶

模块	用途
`sys`	系统相关功能
`os`	文件系统操作
`json`	JSON序列化
`datetime`	日期时间处理